Glossaries：D

金融商品を取引するとき、一番の壁は専門用語です。また、一般的な用語でも、株価・為替(FX, CFD), 仮想通貨などでは違う意味で使われていることもあります。そんな時に便利な用語辞典をご用意しました。取引を始めたばかりの初心者から経験者まで全ての方に片手間で調べたい時に、ささやかですが、是非参考にしてください。

When we trade financial products, the number one barrier is terminologies. In addition, even general terms we use in our lives in the financial world such as stock, forex, cryptocurrencies may have different meanings. In such a case, this site has prepared a convenient term dictionary. It’s a small thing, but please refer to it when you want to find out glossaries with one hand for all investors from beginners who have just started trading to experienced people.

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D

Day Order

An order that if not executed on the specific day, is automatically canceled.

Day Trader

Speculators who take positions that are liquidated prior to the close of the same trading day.

Day Trading

A Day-Trading deal is a currency exchange deal which renews automatically every night at 22:00 (GMT time) starting the day the deal was made and until it ends. The deal ends in one of the following events: 1. Termination initiated by the trader. 2. The day trading rate has reached the Stop-Loss rate (or Take-Profit rate) you predefined. 3. The deal end date. As long as the deal is open, it is charged a renewal fee every night at 22:00 (GMT time).

Daylight Exposure Limit

See intra-day position.

Deal Date

The date on which a transaction is agreed upon.

Deal Ticket

The primary method of recording the basic information relating to a transaction.

Dealer

An individual or firm acting as a principal, rather than as an agent, in the purchase and/or sale of securities. Dealers trade for their own account and risk, in contrast to brokers, who do trade only on behalf of their clients.

Dealing Board

The panel of communications equipment forming part of a dealer’s desk.

Declaration Date

The latest day or time by which the buyer of an option must intimate to the seller his willingness or unwillingness to exercise the option.

Deficit

Shortfall in the balance of trade, balance of payments, or government budgets.

Deflator

Difference between real and nominal Gross National Product, which is equivalent to the overall inflation rate.

Delivery

The settlement of a transaction by receipt, or tender of a financial instrument or currency.

Delivery Date

The date of maturity of the contract, when the final settlement of transaction is made by exchanging the currencies. This date is more commonly known as the value date.

Delivery Month

The calendar month in which a futures contract comes to maturity and becomes deliverable.

Delivery Points

Those locations designated by futures exchanges at which the currency represented by a futures contract may be delivered in fulfillment of the contract.

Delivery Risk

A term to describe when counterparty is not able to complete his side of the deal. This risk is very high in the case of over the counter transactions where there is no exchange which can stand as a guarantee to the trade between the two parties to the contract.

Delta

The change in the value of the option premium made fully paid by the capitalization of reserves, and given relative to the instantaneous change in the value of the underlying instrument, expressed as a coefficient.

Delta Hedging

A method used by option writers to hedge the risk exposure of written options by purchase or sale of the underlying instrument in proportion to the delta.

Delta Spread

A ratio spread of options established as a neutral position by using the deltas of the options concerned to determine the hedge ratio.

Deposit Dealings

Money Market operations.

Depreciation

Describes a currency weakening in response to market demand as opposed to increasing in value as a result of official action.

Derivatives

A broad term relating to risk management instruments such as futures, options, swaps, etc.. The contract value moves in relation to the underlying instrument or currency. The issue of derivatives and their control following large losses by banks and corporations has been the subject of much debate.

Desk

Term referring to a group dealing with a specific currency or currencies.

Details

All the information required to finalize a foreign exchange transaction, i.e. name, rate, dates and point of delivery.

Devaluation

Deliberate downward adjustment of a currency against its fixed parities or bands, which is normally accompanied by formal announcement.

Diagonal (bull or bear) Spread

The purchase of a longer maturity option and the sale of a shorter maturity, lower exercise price option. The choice of calls or puts will determine its bear or bull character.

Direct Quotation

Quoting in fixed units of foreign currency against variable amounts of the domestic currency.

Discount

(1) See also “forward rate”. Less than the spot price.
Example: forward discount. Forward rate is lower than spot rate.

(2) An option that is trading for less than its intrinsic value.

Discount Rate

The rate at which a bill is discounted. Specifically it refers to the rate at which a central bank is prepared to discount certain bills for financial institutions as a means of easing their liquidity, and is more accurately referred to as the official discount rate.

Disposable Income

Earnings after tax.

Domestic Rates

The interest rates applicable to deposits domiciled in the country of origin. Values may vary from Eurodeposits due to taxation and varying market practices.

Durable Goods Orders

Durable Goods Orders are a measure of the new orders placed with domestic manufacturers for immediate and future delivery of factory hard goods. Durable Goods Orders are a major indicator of manufacturing sector trends because most industrial production is done to order.

＊These glossaries are based on easyMarkets educational tools.