仮想通貨に関する用語集(CRYPTO GLOSSARY) C行

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  1. Candidate Block
    1. What is a Candidate Block?
    2. How are temporary blocks created?
    3. How do temporary blocks become confirmed blocks?
  2. Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)
    1. What is a Central Bank Digital Currency in Crypto?
    2. What is the Difference Between CBDC and Crypto?
      1. Benefits of CBDC
      2. Risks of CBDC
  3. Circulating Supply
    1. What is Circulating Supply?
  4. Coin
    1. What is the Meaning of Crypto Coin?
    2. Coins vs Tokens: What is the Difference?
    3. Example of Crypto Coin
  5. Cold Storage
    1. What is Cold Storage?
    2. Types
  6. Cold Wallet
    1. What is a Cold Wallet in Crypto?
    2. How does Cold Storage Work?
    3. Choosing Self-Custody for Digital Assets: Types of Cold Storage Wallets
      1. Paper Wallet
      2. Deep Cold Storage Wallet
      3. Hardware Wallet
  7. Collateralization
    1. What Is Collateralization in Crypto?
  8. Collectibles
    1. What Are Digital Collectibles?
    2. Are they the same as NFTs? 
      1. What are the benefits of owning them?
  9. Composability
    1. What Is Composability in DeFi?
    2. What Are the Different Types of DeFi Composability?
      1. Morphological composability
      2. Syntactic composability
      3. Atomic composability
  10. Compressed NFT
    1. What Is Compressed NFT?
    2. How Can Compressed NFTs Be Used?
  11. Consensus Mechanism
    1. What is a Consensus Mechanism?
    2. How Do Consensus Mechanisms Work?
    3. What are the Types of Consensus Mechanisms?
  12. Creator Economy
    1. What is the Creator Economy?
    2. The Need for a Web3-based Creator Economy
  13. Cross-Chain
    1. What is Cross Chain in Crypto?
    2. Benefits of Cross-Chain Technology in DeFi
    3. What are Examples of Cross-Chain Crypto Projects?
  14. Cross-Chain Bridge
    1. What Is a Cross-Chain Bridge?
    2. What Are the Types of Bridges?
    3. Benefits and drawbacks
  15. Crypto Index Fund
    1. What Is a Crypto Index Fund?
    2. How Do Cryptocurrency Index Funds Work?
  16. Crypto Winter
    1. What is Crypto Winter?
    2. Factors Contributing to Crypto Winter
  17. Cryptocurrency
    1. Why are Cryptocurrencies Trustless and Permissionless?
  18. Cryptography
    1. What Is Cryptography?
      1. Cryptography in Blockchain
      2. Cryptographic Methods in Cryptocurrencies
  19. Cryptojacking
    1. What Is Cryptojacking?
    2. How Does Cryptojacking Work?
  20. Cursed Inscriptions
    1. What Are Cursed Inscriptions?
    2. Cursed vs Recursive Inscription
  21. Custodian
    1. What is a Crypto Custodian?
    2. What are the Responsibilities of Crypto Custodians?
  22. Custody
    1. What is Crypto Custody?
    2. What are Crypto Custodians?
  23. Crypto Exchanges Affiliated with This Site
  24. Hardwallet Affiliated with This Site

Candidate Block

A candidate block is a container for transactions selected from the memory pool. It has the potential to be added to the blockchain or rejected by the network.

What is a Candidate Block?

A block already added to the blockchain is considered a valid/confirmed block. Before that, it was just a candidate block. In blockchain networks, miners and validators try to add verified blocks to the blockchain.

Therefore, a candidate block, also known as a “proposed block”, is a temporary block that a network participant proposes to be included in a network.

This means that it is not yet valid and the network can either approve or reject it.

How are temporary blocks created?

Validators or miners first gather and organize multiple unconfirmed transactions from the validating or mining node’s waiting area, known as the mempool (memory pool). A block can only contain a limited number of transactions due to space limitations.

The container filled with these unconfirmed transactions is a temporary block. It is “temporary” since it is not yet validated. Every block is mined or validated based on the network’s consensus mechanism. This ensures that there is integrity and consistency within the blockchain network.

The temporary block also prevents double-spending and adds a layer of security as only valid transactions are added to the blockchain.

How do temporary blocks become confirmed blocks?

To verify transactions in proof-of-work (PoW) networks, such as Bitcoin, miners compete to solve a complex mathematical puzzle using specialized hardware. The winning miner gets the opportunity to add their proposed block to the blockchain and receive mining rewards. In proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchains, the network’s algorithm pseudo-randomly selects a validator to create a temporary block.

Other validators verify the block’s validity, and with enough approvals, the proposed block becomes a confirmed block. If a proposed block is successfully validated, the blockchain records it, making it a confirmed block.

The rest of the nodes on the network update their version of the blockchain with this new valid block included. The miner or validator is then rewarded with a block reward. However, if the network rejects it, the transactions are returned to the mempool, where they are selected for the next proposed block.

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)

A Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) is the electronic version of a country’s fiat currency, and is issued by the central government. CBDCs are like cryptocurrencies, but their value is tied to the country’s physical currency.

What is a Central Bank Digital Currency in Crypto?

A Central Bank Digital Currency or CBDC is a digital currency issued by a country’s government. Its value is tied to the domestic currency of the country, such as the Chinese yuan.

This means that a 1 digital yuan issued is equivalent to a USD1 fiat currency, or actual yuan. Since CBDCs are government-backed e-currencies, their issuance, sanction, and distribution are entirely regulated by the government. Unlike other digitized cash, CBDCs are considered as the liability of the country’s central bank and not any private commercial banks.

As such, it is far more secure in its value than other digital currencies, like cryptocurrencies. Recent studies show that more than 100 countries, including 19 G20 nations, have accelerated the use of CBDCs.

What is the Difference Between CBDC and Crypto?

CBDCs are similar to cryptocurrencies; both are different forms of virtual currencies. They both use blockchain technology to store and verify transactions, and both can be a substitute for physical cash to use for payments of goods and services and other transactions. However, there are certain core differences:

  • Centralization – CBDCs are managed by a central government. The government controls the flow of funds, and transactions. Cryptocurrencies are decentralized and are not governed or regulated by any central authority.
  • Issued by the national bank – CBDCs are issued by the national bank of its home country. On the other hand, cryptocurrencies are issued by decentralized networks.
  • Anonymity – Cryptocurrencies have anonymity, in that users do not need to disclose their private information. CBDCs are issued by a bank, which retains all personal details of the user.
  • Networks – CBDCs are run by a permissioned blockchain network, meaning one in which a limited number of gatekeepers decides who can access, use and govern the blockchain. On the other hand, cryptocurrencies use permissionless networks, meaning anyone can interact with the network.

Benefits of CBDC

Some potential benefits of CBDCs include:

  •  Improved payment modes and monetary policies
  • Easier international payments.
  • Control of criminal activities.
  • Reduced transaction costs through central banks.
  • Easy transfers, financial security, and convenience for users.
  • Added stability and simpler digital payment systems.
  •  Low volatility compared to cryptocurrencies

Risks of CBDC

Apart from the benefits, there are a few drawbacks including:

  • Cybersecurity threats
  • Impact on the existing monetary policy.
  • Operational disruptions.

Furthermore, because CBDCs are still in the developmental stage, there are a lot of developing policies and procedures, which can lead to unpredictable issues moving forward.

 

Circulating Supply

A crypto’s circulating supply is that specific cryptocurrency’s amount of tokens or coins that are in circulation at a particular time and are available to the public to buy or sell.

What is Circulating Supply?

The term “circulating supply” refers to the number of a certain cryptocurrency’s tokens or coins that are publicly available for trade in the crypto market. In other words, it is the supply in the law of supply and demand.

The circulating supply of a coin can gradually increase or decrease. This is mainly because most crypto projects don’t release all the coins to the market at once. Instead, they release a portion and mint/mine more over time, mostly through proof-of-stake (PoS) and proof-of-work (PoW) mechanisms. It is the supply in the law of supply and demand.

It increases when more tokens/coins are mined or released to the market. Alternatively, its supply may decrease when some coins are permanently removed from circulation during an event called coin burn. 

For instance, as of this writing, the circulating supply of BTC is 19.33 million coins. But the maximum supply of BTC was capped at 21 million coins. This means that the circulating supply will gradually increase until it reaches the maximum supply.

Consequently, it is used to determine the size of the crypto’s economy and in calculating its market capitalization. Market capitalization (market cap), which is the total dollar value of a certain crypto’s coins that are circulating in the market, is obtained by multiplying the current price of a single coin by the number of tokens/coins in circulation.

The circulating supply of a cryptocurrency should not be confused with its total or maximum supply. The total supply accounts for the coins that are currently in existence, i.e., the sum of coins that are circulating in the market and those that are locked or reserved. On the other hand, the maximum supply is the approximation of the number of coins that will ever exist.

Take ADA as an example. Its circulating supply is around 34.7 billion, the total supply is approximately 35.6 billion, and the maximum supply is 45 billion coins.

It’s also important to note that only a few coins, such as BTC, ADA, and XRP, have a maximum supply.

 

Coin

A coin is a digital asset that functions as a currency or store of value on its own blockchain network.

What is the Meaning of Crypto Coin?

Coin is a digital asset that operates independently on its own blockchain and does not rely on the blockchain of other cryptocurrencies. Coins are primarily utilized as a means of payment, exchange, or as a store of value within a specific network.

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that operates on its own blockchain and is considered a coin because it functions as a digital currency that can be used for transactions. 

Coins vs Tokens: What is the Difference?

A crypto coin has its own independent blockchain network and serves a specific purpose. They are typically designed to function as a digital currency, meaning that they are used as a medium of exchange for goods and services. 

Coins have their own unique blockchain, which is used to process and verify transactions on the network. While tokens can provide holders with voting rights, pay for fees, incentivize users, or denote cloud storage capacity, coins are meant to be stores of value. 

A token, on the other hand, refers to a digital asset that is created and operates on top of an existing blockchain infrastructure, such as Ethereum. Unlike coins, tokens do not have their own independent blockchain but instead rely on an existing blockchain infrastructure for their operation.

Example of Crypto Coin

Ethereum is considered to be a coin because its native cryptocurrency, Ether (ETH), functions as a digital currency that can be used to facilitate transactions and pay for network fees on the Ethereum platform. Ether is used to incentivize network participants to validate transactions and execute smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. Similar to Bitcoin, Ether also operates on its own blockchain.

 

Cold Storage

Cold storage is a method of holding data or crypto assets in devices that are not connected to the internet, which provides added security for its users.

What is Cold Storage?

Cold storage, also known as “offline storage” is a way of storing digital assets, such as cryptocurrencies and NFTs, offline. It is often compared to “hot” storage, which enables users to use and manage their crypto assets online. 

Because it is not connected to the internet, it is characterized by its enhanced security and reduced risk from hacking attempts, spyware, and malware. 

A cold wallet is a form of cold storage used to protect crypto assets from online threats. A wallet is deemed a cold wallet if it holds private keys offline. The public keys of a cold wallet may still be available online to allow users to receive crypto directly to their cold wallets without compromising security. 

This type of storage empowers users with self-custody since it gives users absolute control over their private keys, and complete ownership and control over their funds. With more power comes more responsibility and hence it’s important for cold storage users to understand the different aspects of self-custody.

Types

There are three types: hardware wallets, paper wallets, and deep cold storage.

  • Hardware wallet: A hardware wallet is a portable physical device designed to hold a user’s private keys offline. Hardware wallets store private keys offline so they are never connected to the internet. This reduces the risk of scammers using the internet as an attack vector to gain unauthorized access to your private keys from the hardware wallet.
  • Paper wallet:  A paper wallet involves a user printing their public keys and private keys or seed phrase on a piece of paper, and keeping the piece of paper in a secure location. It often has a QR code to make the transaction process faster. While papers are inexpensive, they can easily get lost or destroyed, and if that happens then the user may never be able to access their digital assets again.
  • Deep cold storage: This is a type of storage where the user holds their private keys in a completely offline location that requires time and effort to retrieve, such as an encrypted USB drive stored inside a vault requiring several steps to access (or in a safety deposit box). The goal of deep cold storage is to prioritize the security of the assets over access, making access as inconvenient as possible.

Cold Wallet

A cold wallet also referred to as “cold storage” is A device or system that secures crypto private keys offline.

What is a Cold Wallet in Crypto?

Cold Wallet is an offline storage system that houses a person’s private keys. Since these wallets are not connected to the internet, they isolate the private keys and protect your funds from digital threats deployed via your internet connection.

How does Cold Storage Work?

It’s a common misunderstanding that any wallet – cold or hot – is where cryptocurrencies are held. In reality, all funds are stored in the blockchain network. The only way to access your funds is through your cryptographic private keys for your blockchain address – which is what a wallet holds for you. 

Your private keys allow you to authorize and validate transactions from your address on the blockchain. The main function of cold storage is to protect your private keys and keep them offline; this is important because the majority of threats to crypto private keys are deployed via an internet connection. 

Choosing Self-Custody for Digital Assets: Types of Cold Storage Wallets

There can be different types of cold storage wallets.

Paper Wallet

Paper wallets are just pieces of paper where you print your private and public keys. They typically include a QR code which is easy to scan for faster transactions. It is important to store paper wallets properly in a safe place, otherwise, they can be easily misplaced, stolen, or destroyed. The fact that they leave your private key completely visible also means they carry a risk that someone will see your private keys and be able to access your blockchain address.

Deep Cold Storage Wallet

Deep cold storage wallets are a subcategory of paper wallets, typically used by a person whose need to access their wallet is minimal: perhaps someone who is saving their crypto to be passed on after a set period, or after their death. 

Without a need for regular access to the wallet, the holder can store their critical information (such as private key and recovery phrase)in a way that prioritizes security over access. This is why it is called “deep” storage. A simple example of deep cold storage can be a memory card that contains all your private keys and locks them into a safety deposit box which is safely put away in a bank. Some people store copies of their recovery phrases in multiple locations. 

Hardware Wallet

A hardware wallet is a physical device that secures your private keys offline. The advantage of using a device instead of a piece of paper is that the keys are concealed, even as you transact. A hardware wallet generates your private and public keys in an offline environment, meaning they are never exposed to the vulnerabilities of an internet connection. 

Hardware wallets are isolated from the internet, so they cannot be penetrated by hackers looking to access your private keys. Some hardware wallets like Ledger Nano allow interaction with the smart contracts of web3 platforms. 

If you lose your hardware wallet, your recovery phrase enables you to recover funds, by directly linking you to your blockchain addresses independently of the device.

Collateralization

Collateralization is the process through which an individual secures a loan using their valuable assets as insurance.

What Is Collateralization in Crypto?

When you ask your local bank for a loan, the bank requires you to pledge some valuable assets or securities of relatively equal (or greater) value to reassure against default risks. The assets pledged, also known as collateralor security, can be in the form of a traditional financial or physical asset, such as an investment account, car, or land. The bank (lender) can claim and liquidate the collateral to offset the debt if the borrower defaults on repayment. This process of securing a loan using collateral is called collateralization.

In the crypto context, collateralization is the process of locking up digital assets to borrow funds or participate in blockchain network operations. This practice is more common in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols. 

Since blockchains lack a central authority to vet and issue loans, the process requires the borrower to lock up a certain amount of their cryptocurrency assets as collateral in a smart contract. The collateral amount usually exceeds the value of the requested loan to protect the lender against crypto price volatility. 

So if the borrower defaults on the crypto loan, or when the collateral’s value drops below the predetermined threshold due to price volatility, the smart contract automatically initiates collateral liquidation. The collateral is liquidated to settle the loan amount plus interest, protecting the lender against any losses arising from market movements or borrower defaulting. Most DeFi lending platforms resort to collateral tokens and stablecoins tied to fiat money as collateral to alleviate abrupt price shifts.

Collateralization in margin trading allows traders to use their crypto assets to access extra funds, known as leverage, to amplify their buying or selling power. This also faces liquidation risks when the market moves against the trader.

Collectibles

A collectible is a rare or limited-edition copy of something, such as a virtual product or asset.

What Are Digital Collectibles?

Generally, the term “collectible” refers to something worth ‘collecting.’ In crypto, a digital collectible is a digital item or asset deemed valuable due to its uniqueness. Its value is typically determined by its verifiable limited supply. Digital collectibles constitute a visual element, such as video clips, digital art, music, photos, or digital trading cards. And like physical assets, users can trade, buy, sell, and hold them as investments.

Are they the same as NFTs? 

Digital collectibles are simply a subset of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). This means that, while they are NFTs, NFTs may not exclusively be digital collectibles. Consider the collectibles as the virtual products (videos, photos, etc.) and the NFTs as the certificate showcasing digital proof of ownership of the virtual product. An NFT is what makes the virtual item or asset stand out, giving it its value.

As such, they leverage blockchain technology to create NFTs, which facilitates digital ownership and distribution. Blockchain technology secures and authenticates the collectibles to ensure their rarity while upholding intellectual property (IP). This ensures the transfer of ownership from one person to another as opposed to copying like regular computer files.

What are the benefits of owning them?

Some of the benefits of owning one include:

  • Proof of ownership and authenticity – Blockchain technology facilitates the rarity and traceability of the ownership of collectibles, ensuring that the user owns the authentic piece of a digital item.
  • Utility – Brands can use them as digital badges or avatars to fortify their presence amongst other users. It also fosters a sense of exclusivity among collectors during interactions.
  • Scarcity and rarity – The uniqueness and verifiable limited supply determine their value and the desire for collectors to acquire them.
  • Financial potential – Due to their rarity and scarcity, digital collectible owners can monetize them in virtual worlds or trade them for cryptocurrencies or fiat money.
  • Security – Blockchain technology ensures the immutability of digital collectibles, safeguarding them from counterfeiting attempts.

Composability

DeFi composability is the capacity to integrate existing blockchain components in various ways to build new applications and services.

What Is Composability in DeFi?

In decentralized finance (DeFi), composability refers to the capacity of different protocols and applications to seamlessly interact with each other. This interoperability allows developers to freely mix and match various components or source codes of existing protocols, smart contracts, and application programming interfaces (APIs) to create new DeFi applications and services. These modular components within DeFi protocols are often analogously compared to building blocks, earning them the nickname ‘Money Legos’. 

In a composable ecosystem, one protocol’s output becomes another protocol’s input, thereby stacking together to form a network of interlinked protocols that seamlessly integrate and work together. 

For example, one DeFi lending platform enables users to borrow funds. The borrowed funds can act as collateral on another DeFi platform for trading crypto assets. The profits from that trading platform could then be used to settle the loan acquired from the lending platform. A DeFi platform is composable if all these can be done without leaving the  ecosystem.

What Are the Different Types of DeFi Composability?

A blockchain is composable if it allows developers to easily build innovative decentralized applications (dApps) and cross-chain protocols. In other words, a composable blockchain’s open-source nature allows developers to create new financial products or improve existing ones. 

The most common types of composability include:

Morphological composability

A morphologically composable blockchain is one whose components, smart contracts, tokens, and functions adhere to the same standards, such as the ERC-20 token standard. This makes its dApps and DeFi platforms interoperable and compatible with each other.

Syntactic composability

This is the ability of existing decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) and dApps to seamlessly integrate and communicate with each other to create brand-new applications. Syntactic composability is best suited for systems that are also morphologically composable. Generally speaking, a morphologically composable system focuses on the ability of the same component to be reused in different systems. In contrast, syntactically composable ones refer to the capacity to combine a blockchain’s building blocks to create newer systems.

Atomic composability

Rather than integrate existing parts to create new functionalities and applications, atomic composability primarily focuses on executing smart contracts. That is, it enables users or developers to bundle different types of transactions into a single transaction. It’s important to note that this single transaction only finalizes if each transaction is successfully processed.

 

Compressed NFT

A compressed NFT is a type of non-fungible token on the Solana network that condenses the token’s metadata and media files to reduce the storage space required on-chain.

What Is Compressed NFT?

Conventional non-fungible tokens (NFTs) often issue and store everything on the blockchain, which makes minting and distribution of these digital assets costly. Compressed NFT, on the other hand, provide developers with a more efficient and cost-effective way of creating and distributing NFTs. But what are they?

Solana Labs and Metaplex created this new standard to enhance scalability and optimize the storage of NFTs within the Solana ecosystem. Compressed NFTs (cNFTs) are possible thanks to an NFT standard on the Solana blockchain that shrinks an NFT’s metadata and related media files into a compact “hash” using Merkle trees. 

Unlike ordinary NFTs, in cNFTs, the Merkle root is stored on-chain and the Merkle leaves are stored off-chain. This helps conserve on-chain storage space while keeping all of the cNFT data subject to network consensus. 

How Can Compressed NFTs Be Used?

cNFTs typically allow developers to mint NFTs on a large scale since holding data off-chain significantly reduces the cost of renting storage space. Some of the novel standard’s use cases include:

  • Digital art – cNFTs allow artists and developers to create artwork without worrying about prohibitive costs.
  • Gaming – cNFTs can serve as in-game assets such as virtual land, avatars, and character skins, in blockchain games. 
  • Music and events – These special NFTs can also serve as digital collectibles for event-goers, saving ticketing companies money while leveraging the blockchain’s robust security to help keep users’ purchases safe and opening the door for blockchain-assisted secondary ticket markets. .
  • Metaverse and virtual reality (VR) experiences – cNFTs can represent digital assets within VR and metaverse platforms, allowing brands to provide digital collectibles that improve user experience.
  • Enterprise-level systems – cNFTs are ideal for facilitating public records digitization and merchandise tracking, allowing large organizations to create, store, and retrieve NFTs on a large scale at a fraction of the cost of conventional NFTs.

 

Consensus Mechanism

Consensus mechanism refers to a self-regulatory stack of protocols, algorithms, incentives, and concepts that help ensure a blockchain’s integrity.

What is a Consensus Mechanism?

A consensus mechanism is a fault-tolerant method – that is, it retains operability despite the failure of single or several components– that allows a distributed set of network nodes to agree on a blockchain’s state or a single source of truth. Consensus mechanisms form the basis or backbone of all blockchain networks and are vital for their security.

In a centralized setup, a single central entity or administrator holds power over the entire system. The entity has the authority to make changes in the system as they please. For instance, the admin of a database system holding voter information in a country has the power to maintain and update, add, and delete the names of voters from the system. 

To avoid the risk of centralization or conflict, decentralized systems need a consensus mechanism in their operation to ensure that actions gain approval from multiple participants or entities.

Imagine a group of friends who want to go out for dinner, but they can’t decide on a place. Each person has a different preference, and they all want to make sure that everyone is happy with the final decision. In this scenario, the group needs to reach a consensus.

One way to achieve consensus is for each person to take turns suggesting a restaurant, and the group votes on each suggestion. The restaurant with the most votes wins, and everyone goes there for dinner. This process ensures that everyone has a say in the decision and that the final choice is agreed upon by the group as a whole.

Similarly, in a blockchain network, each node has a copy of the ledger and can propose changes to it. The consensus mechanism ensures that all nodes agree on the validity of the proposed change before it is added to the ledger.

They are integral in the working of blockchains, which function as self-regulating, decentralized networks where all important ecosystem tasks are performed by rules that determine the legitimacy of contributions from participating nodes or validators.

How Do Consensus Mechanisms Work?

Different consensus mechanisms have their own set of rules and processes. This ensures that all participants in the network agree on the same version of the truth. They are essential for making blockchains fault-tolerant. 

Essentially, consensus mechanisms ensure the validity of every new block produced or added to the network. Under a consensus mechanism, all the participating nodes have to agree on which transactions should be included in the next block and which ones should not. The blocks with the majority votes are added to the blockchain.

What are the Types of Consensus Mechanisms?

The most popular consensus mechanisms are proof-of-work and proof-of-stake, each of which operates on different principles.

  • Proof-of-work (PoW) was first implemented with Bitcoin. It is based on validators –or miners– who compete to solve a computationally complex mathematical equation. The first miner to solve the problem is rewarded with a block reward and the right to add a new block to the blockchain. While still popular, this consensus mechanism tends to have a longer processing time and high power consumption.
  • Proof-of-stake (PoS) is based on the validators staking a certain amount of their coins or tokens as a form of collateral to validate blockchain transactions. The more coins a user stakes, the more likely they are to be chosen to validate the next block. Validators are eligible to earn transaction fees.

Other types include delegated proof-of-stake, proof-of-activity, proof-of-authority, and proof-of-burn.

 

Creator Economy

The creator economy is the economic system built on the internet or digital platforms that enable individuals to earn money based on things they create.

What is the Creator Economy?

The creator economy describes an economy in which content creators  share and profit from the digital content they create. 

Anyone who produces content and shares it over the internet, such as influencers, artists, gamers, writers, podcasters, Youtubers, etc., is a content creator. The creator economy involves the monetization of that content. Creators monetize their online presence and the content they create. 

The Need for a Web3-based Creator Economy

In the creator economy, the entities swooping in are the web2 companies. In the current state of the internet, dubbed Web2, centralized players such as social media platforms and streaming services take a massive share of the revenue that content creators make. In addition, they restrict creators from reaching their maximum potential by censoring the content they can publish and share, and limiting audience reach and how it is consumed.

Enter Web3, the third iteration of the internet, has the potential to empower content creators by eliminating intermediators to give more power and control to content creators. 

For example, if someone releases a new music album on a blockchain-based platform, their audience can buy and stream directly using cryptocurrency. The artist also has the freedom to explore their creativity like introducing new sound patterns or creating a completely different genre without needing permission from their label. All the revenue generated goes to the artist, without a recording label taking a huge cut. In addition, anytime their album or song is sampled by another musician or resold by a fan, they receive royalty money.

Cross-Chain

Cross-chain technology allows blockchains to share and access information and assets across different blockchains without intermediaries.

What is Cross Chain in Crypto?

A cross-chain solution connects two or more blockchains to transfer digital assets and information seamlessly. 

Generally, digital assets and their native blockchain are isolated, and can’t communicate with other networks. Interoperability solutions like cross-chain bridges solve this problem. Cross-chain protocols also allow users to transfer cryptocurrencies from one blockchain to another.

Let’s say Alice wants to exchange some Bitcoin for Ethereum. However, Alice’s Bitcoin is on the Bitcoin blockchain, and she wants to receive Ethereum on the Ethereum blockchain. To do this, Alice can use a cross-chain protocol to facilitate the transaction.

First, Alice’s Bitcoin is locked into a smart contract on the Bitcoin blockchain. This smart contract generates a unique hash that represents the locked Bitcoin. This hash is then sent to a cross-chain bridge, which acts as an intermediary between the Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains.

The bridge then generates a corresponding hash on the Ethereum blockchain, which represents the locked Bitcoin. Alice can then use this hash to unlock an equivalent amount of Ethereum on the Ethereum blockchain.

Once Alice has completed the transaction, the bridge releases the locked Bitcoin on the Bitcoin blockchain, and the unlocked Ethereum is sent to Alice’s Ethereum wallet.

In this example, data (the unique hash) and value (the Bitcoin and Ethereum) are exchanged between two different blockchains, facilitated by a cross-chain protocol. This process allows Alice to trade one cryptocurrency for another without having to go through a centralized exchange or intermediary, and without having to worry about the different blockchain standards or network fees associated with each cryptocurrency.

Benefits of Cross-Chain Technology in DeFi

Cross-chain technology offers many benefits in the decentralized finance ecosystem, including:

  • Interoperability: The technology allows different blockchain networks to interoperate with each other, creating a more connected and cohesive ecosystem. This can enable users to move assets and data across different blockchains, without the need for intermediaries.
  • Scalability: The technology can help to improve the scalability of blockchain networks by allowing them to offload some of the data or processing to other compatible blockchains. This can help to reduce the burden on a single blockchain and improve its performance.
  • Token swap: You can use a cross-chain bridge smart contract to swap tokens for an equivalent version within another blockchain. This feature promotes direct peer-to-peer trade and eliminates the need for intermediaries.
  • Data and value exchange: Before cross-chain solutions, you could only make transactions within DeFi protocols with tokens from identical blockchains. This technology allows traders and investors to use their tokens freely within other blockchains without intermediaries. 
  • Access to diverse DeFi projects: The protocol enables users to access data and transact with other DeFi protocols without leaving the protocol. 

What are Examples of Cross-Chain Crypto Projects?

Many crypto projects are now adopting the technology to enable interoperability. Some examples are Polkadot, Blocknet, and Cosmos.

  • Polkadot: Polkadot uses this technology to create a network of layer-one blockchains. This network provides interoperability to blockchains and allows users to transfer data and assets across the blockchains within the network. 
  • Blocknet: Blocknet leverages the technology to create a protocol that offers peer-to-peer asset exchanges, as well as a permissionless and trustless network for communication. 
  • Cosmos: Cosmos is a DeFi protocol that reduces fragmentation in blockchain networks by allowing them to communicate with each other.

 

Cross-Chain Bridge

A cross-chain bridge is an application that facilitates the transfer of cryptocurrency tokens, assets, or data from one chain to another.

What Is a Cross-Chain Bridge?

Blockchains are natively unable to interact with each other since each protocol is designed with its own set of rules, standards, programming language, governance structure, and currency, among other elements. This makes them isolated from one another, limiting any economic activity or communication between any two disparate networks. And this is where cross-chain technology comes in.

A cross-chain bridge, otherwise known as a blockchain bridge, defines infrastructure connecting two or more individual blockchain networks. This interconnection enables the exchange of information and value, such as transferring or swapping digital assets and tokens, across different blockchains.

What Are the Types of Bridges?

These bridges consist of three main mechanism types: 

  • Lock and mint – A user locks tokens on a smart contract on the source protocol (chain A) while simultaneously minting its wrapped version via another smart contract on the destination protocol (chain B). The user can then unlock their native tokens on chain A by burning the wrapped versions on chain B. An example of such a bridge is the Avalanche Bridge.
  • Burn and mint – This involves burning native tokens on chain A, where the same native tokens are minted or re-issued on chain B. Unlike lock and mint, this process is non-reversible. An example of a burn and mint bridge is the Circle’s Cross Chain Transfer Protocol (CCTP).
  • Lock and unlock – The user locks their native assets in a liquidity pool on chain A and withdraws native assets from a liquidity pool on chain B. Celer, Connext, and Hop Protocol.

Benefits and drawbacks

Blockchain bridges can improve asset liquidity by making assets available across multiple blockchains. This also improves accessibility as users can interact with different digital assets without having to move between different platforms or wallets. In addition, the bridges curtail the time and complexity involved in moving assets across protocols, thereby increasing efficiency.

However, while they bridge the divide between isolated blockchains, they are often a target for hackers, which creates a potential risk of asset losses. Consequently, flaws in smart contract logic could potentially lead to security breaches. Some token bridges may also face scalability issues, especially when handling larger amounts of transactions per second.

Crypto Index Fund

A crypto index fund is a type of investment that tracks the performance or behavior of a basket of cryptocurrency assets.

What Is a Crypto Index Fund?

A cryptocurrency index fund is a type of investment vehicle that tracks the performance of a specific index of cryptocurrencies. This index can entail the top 20 cryptocurrencies by market capitalization, DeFi sector, metaverse, or the overall crypto market.

Much like traditional market index funds that expose investors to shares from various companies, a crypto index fund exposes participants to a basket of cryptocurrencies without them having to own individual tokens. By investing in an index of cryptocurrencies, as opposed to an individual asset, a crypto index fund helps investors mitigate volatility risks by spreading the risks across multiple cryptocurrencies.

How Do Cryptocurrency Index Funds Work?

The professional or asset management firm that manages a crypto index fund is known as a fund manager and is responsible for carefully choosing the basket of cryptocurrencies to include in the fund. The performance of the fund is then linked to the performance of the underlying index of cryptocurrencies. To preserve that link, these funds abide by certain rules, including when to rebalance the fund to ensure continued tracking of the index.

Rather than creating diversified crypto portfolios themselves, individual shareholders purchase shares of the fund created by the fund manager. These shares represent a fraction of the underlying assets. This approach exposes investors to the underlying cryptocurrencies without buying them directly. Therefore, you can think of them as a more passive investment strategy. 

The fund managers charge shareholders management fees and, sometimes, expense ratio and performance fees. 

  • Management fee – The fees a fund manager charges shareholders to cover the costs of operating or managing the cryptocurrency index fund. It is often expressed as a percentage of the assets in the fund.
  • Expense ratio – Some funds may charge shareholders fees associated with operating the fund, such as administrative costs, custody fees, and trading fees. The expense ratio is expressed as a percentage of the assets in the fund.
  • Performance fees – The additional fees some funds charge for outperforming a specific set benchmark, often between 10-20% of returns above a certain threshold.

Generally, cryptocurrency index funds do all the heavy lifting for investors, allowing them to invest in a range of digital assets. It is also best suited for investors unfamiliar with or hesitant about buying cryptocurrencies. Of course, that means index funds do not offer shareholders the same benefits that come from the self-custody of crypto.

Crypto Winter

A crypto winter is a long period of time when crypto prices dramatically drop below their previous all-time high values.

What is Crypto Winter?

The term “crypto winter” refers to a sustained period of negative market sentiment and decline in cryptocurrency or digital asset values. 

A crypto winter is similar to a bear market in stocks. Crypto bear markets are when the decline in the value of cryptocurrencies is ongoing. It’s the opposite of the bull market, which is a period when asset prices rise. It occurs once the cryptocurrencies have bottomed out and the prices don’t move enough to make a significant difference. In other words, the market is frozen in “crypto winter”. Essentially, sustained poor performance in the crypto market affects the overall investor mentality.

The first crypto winter lasted for 23 months, from January 2018 to December 2020. The most recent one began in early 2022 and continued through 2023. In the latest crypto winter, the value of all major cryptocurrencies significantly dropped from their all-time highs in November 2021. Bitcoin peaked in November 2021 at around USD68,000 with a market cap of USD1.28 trillion, but still trailed below USD30,000 in Q2 2023.

Crypto winters are characterized by an overall decline in trading volumes, lower asset prices, mass layoffs at major crypto exchanges to cut costs, and crypto crashes. Crypto winters usually occur after the industry has experienced a bull run and the excitement has died down. Generally speaking, it happens as part of crypto market cycles.

Factors Contributing to Crypto Winter

Similar to the traditional stock markets, a number of factors may trigger a downturn in the entire crypto market, leading to crypto winters. It may include:

  • Crashes: The collapse of cryptocurrencies often costs the industry billions of dollars and may lead to bankruptcy in some crypto firms and long-term investor fear, which can cause a prolonged bear market that lasts for years after the inciting incident.
  • Inflation and interest rate hike: When the U.S. Federal Reserve hikes the interest rate to counter rising inflation, investors become more risk-averse and opt for more stable assets. In return, the prices of riskier assets like cryptocurrencies are dragged down.
  • Government overregulation: Government regulations and policy changes, like crypto ban, impact the stability of exchanges as well as market sentiments.

Cryptocurrency

A cryptocurrency is a virtual or digital currency that doesn’t depend on centralized authority, such as a government or central bank, to process transactions and issue new currency units.

In the traditional financial system, people rely on fiat money as a means of exchange. Its value is determined by collective perception rather than being backed by a precious metal or commodity. Essentially, it’s just paper with authority conferred by a central bank or government. On the flip side, cryptocurrency, a virtual currency used in peer-to-peer economic systems for transactions, operates without centralized control.

At the helm of the cryptocurrency realm stands Bitcoin. It emerged in 2009, created by the enigmatic figure, Satoshi Nakamoto. Early digital currencies suffered from the issue of double spending, where users could spend the same units multiple times. Bitcoin resolved this with a consensus mechanism called proof of work (PoW).

When the government needs to fulfill its monetary policy or fund operations, it simply prints more cash to push its agenda. On the contrary, cryptocurrencies operate based on their respective pre-programmed algorithms that determine how new crypto units are created and issued. In addition, the crypto networks are maintained by a network of computers or participants known as nodes. They are also responsible for processing transactions in a cryptocurrency network. This lack of a central authority regulating cryptocurrency makes them decentralized.

Why are Cryptocurrencies Trustless and Permissionless?

In the traditional sense, when sending money to a friend or family, the bank confirms the validity of your transaction. It acts as the trusted intermediary overseeing the trade. Cryptocurrency eliminates the need for a trusted party so that a transaction is only between two parties – the sender and the recipient. The parties do not have to know or trust each other for a successful transaction.

In the case that you sent money to the wrong recipient, you can reverse the transaction through your bank or service provider. This is not the case in cryptocurrencies. Once a crypto transaction is processed, it is permanently recorded in the blockchain network, rendering it immutable and irreversible. 

Assuming that you are traveling to another country, you have to convert your local currency to the currency of your destination. Cryptocurrencies, however, are permissionless, usable worldwide without conversion. Yet, they’re highly volatile, prone to significant value swings in a short time. However, they are considered to be a highly volatile asset class, i.e., their value can significantly fluctuate over a short period.

Cryptography

Cryptography is the technique of securing information through using codes so that only the intended party can access it.

What Is Cryptography?

Cryptography is the practice and study of secure communication techniques that protect information from unauthorized access or alteration. It encodes data in a way that can only be deciphered by those with the appropriate key or knowledge

In the past, cryptographers transformed plain text messages (“plaintexts”) into unreadable ones (“ciphertexts”). This process involves creating a cipher, ensuring that only individuals with the matching private key can decrypt and read the message.

Today, cryptography plays a vital role in various digital applications, such as ensuring secure online communication, encrypting data for storage and transmission, authenticating users and devices, safeguarding online transactions, protecting passwords, enabling blockchain technology, securing file sharing, and ensuring privacy in the Internet of Things (IoT).

Cryptography in Blockchain

Blockchain systems integrate cryptography for security. For instance, Bitcoin utilizes it in several critical ways to secure its decentralized digital currency network.

Firstly, it employs cryptographic hash functions to generate unique, fixed-length hashes for transaction blocks, forming an unchangeable chain of blocks that deters tampering with past transactions.

Secondly, public key cryptography is used for user authentication and transaction security, with users possessing both public (for receiving funds) and private (for signing transactions and spending funds) cryptographic keys. The private key’s secrecy ensures control and ownership of associated bitcoins.

Lastly, Bitcoin miners compete to solve intricate cryptographic puzzles via proof-of-work, which not only secures the network but also validates transactions while deterring double-spending and fraud.

Cryptographic Methods in Cryptocurrencies

In cryptocurrencies, two primary cryptographic methods are used

Symmetric Key Cryptography

Here, both the sender and receiver use the same key to encrypt and decrypt messages. This single-key approach is faster and requires fewer computational resources compared to asymmetric cryptography. However, securely sharing the secret key remains a challenge, as intercepting it could lead to data decryption by unauthorized parties.

Asymmetric Key Cryptography

In this method, a blockchain’s algorithm employs a pair of keys (public and private) to hash a message. The public key encrypts, while the private key decrypts. Anything encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted using the matching private key. This eliminates the need for secure key exchange, making it suitable for secure communication across untrusted networks like the internet.

Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking is a cybercrime that involves stealing and exploiting the victim’s computing resources to generate digital assets, such as mining Bitcoin.

What Is Cryptojacking?

One of the ways of acquiring digital assets is by purchasing them directly on the market. Alternatively, network participants can acquire them in the form of block rewards through a process called mining or minting. Cypto mining often demands expensive specialized hardware and excessive energy to solve a complex mathematical puzzle. Due to the competitive nature of the mining process, a miner only receives the block reward if they are the first to solve the equation. Some attackers evade spending a penny on computing resources and resort to a malicious crypto-mining version, known as cryptojacking.

Think of cryptojacking as the cryptocurrency-threat version of hijacking. Also known as malicious cryptomining, cryptojacking is the practice of exploiting unwitting users’ computing resources to illicitly mine cryptocurrency coins. The motive behind this act is to reap profit without spending one’s money on expensive mining equipment and substantial energy power.

Unlike other forms of attack, cryptojacking is designed to remain undetectable. Hence, the attacker targets several victims, using minimal computing resources from each for as long as possible.

How Does Cryptojacking Work?

Malicious crypto mining takes place through classic malware (host-based) or drive-by cryptomining (web browser-based) attacks.

In a host-based attack, the hacker typically infects an entity’s CPU and GPU with malicious code through phishing techniques. Once the user’s device is infected, the attacker stealthily redirects the victim’s computing and processing power towards their mining activities.

Alternatively, the hacker uses a drive-by crypto mining scheme to inject JavaScript code onto a web page. The script runs whenever users visit the targeted website. In sophisticated cryptojacking, the script can continue running even after leaving the site, where a window remains open as a hidden pop-up.

The attacker combines the computing resources of a large number of victims to offload the mining expenses on the victims. This allows them to expend minimal computing resources and remain hidden. Nonetheless, a cryptojacking victim can notice decreased computer processing speed, slow network, regular overheating, high CPU usage, and increased electricity bills.

Cursed Inscriptions

Cursed inscriptions are digital artifacts that were not indexed by the Ordinals protocol and did not receive an inscription number.

What Are Cursed Inscriptions?

Cursed inscriptions, also known as Cursed Ordinals, are a unique subset of Bitcoin Ordinals that were not originally numbered by the Ord indexer. As a result, these inscriptions do not appear in marketplaces and wallets.The term, coined by Casey Rodarmor in the Ordinals Github Issue #2045 in April 2023, emerged from a discovery of inaccurate usage or deliberate misuse of the operation codes (opcodes) used to inscribe Satoshis. The inaccuracies resulted in digital artifacts that the original version of the Ord indexer could not catch. 

The temporary fix to this problem was to modify the Ord indexer to identify the invalid inscriptions as “cursed” and assign them negative values. Assigning them negative numbers typically highlights their unique nature and their distinction from traditional Ordinals. Therefore, they can also be referred to as negative inscriptions.

According to Rodarmor, negative inscriptions can be created in four different ways:

  • When a single transaction contains several inscriptions.
  • When inscriptions are generated using unrecognized even headers or opcodes, such as OP_66.
  • When inscriptions are made on the input after the first.
  • When multiple inscriptions are bound to a single Satoshi.

There are only 472,043 in existence, numbered starting from -1 to -472,043. This is because the Ord software modification ensured that all new inscriptions from block height 824,544 (January 2024) would be indexed within the main or “blessed” sequence of Ordinals rather than “cursed”.

Cursed vs Recursive Inscription

Cursed ordinals are simply negative numbered inscriptions or ones that the Ordinals protocols originally overlooked. They are somewhat similar to misprinted banknotes in the traditional financial system. On the other hand, recursive inscriptions allow new inscriptions to borrow and reference already existing data. This introduces only a small amount of new content into the chain and reduces blockchain bloat.

Custodian

A custodian is an entity that keeps an individual’s assets safe on their behalf.

What is a Crypto Custodian?

A custodian is an individual or entity responsible for maintaining and protecting someone or something valuable. For instance, a traditional bank custodian is responsible for the safekeeping of assets, such as valuable documents, cash, bonds, and securities. 

While the private keys to cryptocurrency assets are typically held in digital wallets, whether hardware-based or software-based, individuals and institutions often rely on third parties to maintain and protect their private keys.

 A cryptocurrency custodian is an entity that assumes the responsibility of safeguarding and managing digital assets on behalf of individuals, institutions, or organizations.

Since cryptocurrencies never leave blockchains, crypto custodians hold the private keys that control access to a user’s cryptocurrency assets.

Besides giving up control of your digital assets, relaying the custody of the private keys to custodians comes with other implications. For instance, crypto custodians are often the target of malicious actors. If they are breached or compromised, it can lead to the loss of your funds. In addition, you also rely on the integrity of the custodian to safeguard your assets. 

What are the Responsibilities of Crypto Custodians?

Besides safeguarding private keys on behalf of the users, custodians are also responsible for:

  • Insurance: Some custodians may offer insurance coverage in case of losses due to unforeseen events or theft. For instance, should a bad actor access an individual’s funds using the custodian’s devices or due to a security breach in their systems, the custodian would compensate the individual. 
  • Transaction services: Custodians like centralized exchanges facilitate and process the transaction of digital assets. They allow users to trade, receive and send cryptocurrencies.
  • Backup and recovery: Custodians safeguard a user’s secret recovery phrase, which allows them to recover their cryptocurrency wallets or accounts.
  • Regulatory compliance: Custodians are also responsible for implementing any regulatory requirements and standards.

Custody

Crypto custody involves safeguarding, storage, and management of digital assets on the behalf of individuals or institutions.

What is Crypto Custody?

In the case of traditional financial assets like gold and bonds, your financial institution or bank acts as your custodian. The bank is responsible for holding assets and securities on behalf of the customer to protect them from thefts or losses. The custodian is in control of the assets and is responsible for maintaining ownership record and facilitating settlement and transfer of ownership.

Crypto custody differs from traditional financial asset custody in several ways due to the unique characteristics of cryptocurrencies. 

Unlike physical assets such as gold or paper certificates for bonds, cryptocurrencies are digital in nature, existing solely in electronic form on a blockchain. Moreover, digital assets can be accessed and controlled by cryptographic keys such as public and private keys. These keys consist of complicated alphanumeric combinations which are hard to remember. If you lose the private key, you lose access to your wallets, and therefore the access to your digital assets. 

Unlike traditional financial institutions, crypto custodians do not store your digital assets themselves. Instead, they protect your private keys to keep your funds safe. It provides independent storage facilities for safeguarding your crypto tokens.

What are Crypto Custodians?

Crypto custodians are responsible for storing and managing digital assets on behalf of their clients. However, the downside of a third-party custodian is that they control your private keys. As individuals and institutions entrust their assets to a third party, exposing themselves to the possibility of compromise, mismanagement, or insolvency of the custodian. 

Self-custody allows individuals to have full control over their private keys and the security measures protecting their digital assets. By managing their own keys and using secure offline storage solutions, individuals can minimize the risk of their assets being compromised in a custodian’s infrastructure or through external attacks targeting custodians.

 

Crypto Exchanges Affiliated with This Site

現物仮想通貨取引所最大レバレッジ
(証拠金取引の場合)
取扱通貨数取引手数料会社所在国特徴公式サイト
Bybit最大100倍300種類以上・メイカー手数料:-0.025%
・テイカー手数料:0.075%
シンガポール
ドバイ
・日本人向けのサポートが充実している
・サイトが使いやすい
・サーバーが強い
・取引手数料がマイナスである点
・MT5で仮想通貨FXの取引が可能
・クレジットカード決済で仮想通貨を購入可能
・コピートレード可能
・ハッキングされたことがない
・MNT(Mantle)という独自のトークンを発行
Bitget・最大125倍 (先物)
・最大10倍 (現物)
840種類以上・現物取引: 0.1% (BGB払い: 0.08%)
・先物取引: メイカー0.02%、テイカー0.06%
シンガポール・豊富な銘柄がラインナップ
・充実した資産運用ツール
・独自トークンBGB
・先物取引量は世界トップクラス
・責任準備金の保護基金
・高いセキュリティ
・複数国で金融ライセンス取得
・コピートレード機能
・元本保証型の投資商品
・レバレッジ取引
MEXC最大200倍2000種類以上・現物取引: メイカー0.05%、テイカー0.05%無料
・先物取引: メイカー0.01%、テイカー0.04%
*MXトークンを保有すると、取引手数料が大幅割引!

招待コード:mexc-fxcfdlabo
を入力すると、
現物取引手数料キャッシュバック:10.00%、
先物取引手数料キャッシュバック:10.00%
もらえます。
シンガポール・約3,000種類以上の取扱銘柄
・アルトコインの取り扱い数が業界随一
・レバレッジが最大200倍
・豊富なサービスを展開
・セキュリティ対策に力を入れている
・新作の仮想通貨の上場スピードが速い
・様々な言語を使った丁寧なサポート
・キャンペーンやボーナスが豊富
・独自通貨のMXをお得に活用できる
・コピートレードあり
・ミームコインのいち早く上場する傾向がある
CoinW最大200倍350以上・先物取引手数料

メイカー手数料: 0.04%
テイカー手数料: 0.06%

・現物取引手数料

メイカー手数料: 0.2%
テイカー手数料: 0.2%
英領ヴァージン諸島

シンガポール
・現物取引、先物取引、ETF取引が可能
・コピー取引が可能
・カスタマー対応が丁寧
・会員登録でボーナスがもらえる
・ネイティブトークン「CWT」保有で手数料などが優遇される
・ローンチパッドに参加できる
・CoinW カードを発行
・ノーリスクでプロップトレード(プロップW)ができる
・当サイト限定でキャッシュバック5%もらえる
CoinEX最大100倍540種類以上・現物取引最低手数料0.1000%

・CET控除を開始した取引最低手数料0.0700%

・レバレッジ1日当り利息最低手数料0.500%

・契約取引最低手数料 Maker 0.0200%,
Taker 0.0400%
香港、エストニア、
サモア、
セーシェル、米国など
・Automated Market Making(流動性マイニング)のペアが豊富
・様々な言語を使った丁寧なサポート
・キャンペーンやボーナスが豊富
・独自通貨のCEXをお得に活用できる
・コピートレードあり
・取引コンテストを頻繁に実施
・新規登録者100USDプレゼント
・当サイト限定で取引手数料の10%をキャッシュバック
FXGT1000倍60通貨ペアこちらを参照
セーシェル共和国
キプロス
・最大レバレッジが1000倍
・仮想通貨銘柄だけでも50通貨ペア以上取引できる
・豪華なボーナスキャンペーンがある
・MT4/MT5が使える
・仮想通貨での入出金に対応している
・ゼロカットシステムがある
・両替機能で現物仮想通貨を保有可能
bitflyer2倍37銘柄約定数量 × 0.01 ~ 0.15%

(単位: BTC, ETHなど)
日本・販売所/取引所
・bitFlyer Crypto CFD
・bitFlyer かんたん積立
・bitFlyer クレカ
・アンケートやサービス利用でビットコインをもらう
・Braveブラウザ連携
・ハッキングされたことがない

Cryptos


(FXブローカーbigbossが運営)
1倍BTCUSDT
ETHUSDT
EXCUSDT
RSVCUSDT
BXCUSDT
BTCJPY
ETHBTC
XRPJPY
ETHJPY
EXCUSD
USDTJPY
BBCUSDT
BBCJPY
Taker: 約定数量の0.1~0.2%


Maker: 約定数量の0.09~0.18%
Seychelles・BigBossのFXアカウントとシームレスに利用可能
・快適な動作スピード
・他では取引できないユニークなトークンBBCが取引可能
・多数のペイメントゲートウェイと連携!ウォレットとしても利用できる



仮想通貨取引ができるe-wallet
BXONEなし(仮想通貨wallet)BTC
ETH
XRP
USDT(ERC20)
USDC(ERC20)
LTC
両替手数料は1.5%~3%
(計測した結果)
サモア独立国◆取扱法定通貨:USD、EUR、JPY
 3種類のFIATに対応しています。

◆取扱仮想通貨:BTC、ETH、USDT(ERC20) 等の主要通貨
 BTC、ETH、XRP、LTC※、USDT(ERC20)、USDC(ERC20)の計6通貨を取り扱っています。
 ※LTCは入出金不可です。両替し保有することが可能です。

◆銀行振込:入出金可能
 国内外の銀行口座から簡単に送金できて、仮想通貨の購入も可能です。
 入金した仮想通貨を法定通貨へ両替し、銀行口座へ出金することも可能です。

◆24時間交換:仮想通貨⇔法定通貨
 オンラインでいつでも取引が可能です。

◆コールドウォレット
利用者の資産はコールドウォレットで管理し、二段階認証を用いてセキュリティ対策も万全です。

※すべての取引を行うには本人確認書類(kyc)の提出が必要です。


SticPayなし(仮想通貨wallet)・BTC
・USDT (TRC20)
・LTC
・MATIC
・NESS
出金手数料

・Ethereum, Litecoinの出金には1%の手数料
・Bitcoinの出金には1.2%+3ドルの手数料。
・仮想通貨送金の処理に1.8%の手数料
イギリス・国際電子決済サービス
・多くの国際通貨に対応
・内部振替機能を搭載
法定通貨⇆法定通貨
法定通貨⇆仮想通貨
仮想通貨⇆仮想通貨
当サイトと提携している仮想通貨取引所です。

仮想通貨取引をするとき、資産を増やすためには、仮想通貨だけでなく、FXCFD取引を行う必要性も出てきます。

仮想通貨に話題性がない時、いわゆる仮想通貨の冬の時代が続くときは、仮想通貨の時価総額が下がり、値動きがしない状態が続くからです。取引も合わせて、現物仮想通貨を保有し、しっかりと資産を増やしていきましょう。

将来、お金持ちになるには0.01BTC保有すればいいだけです。

現在10万ドル以上の資産を持つ残りの5億9000万人は、結果として大人1人あたり0.01BTCしか購入することができない。

将来はこの0.01BTCが持てるかどうかが富裕層の分かれ目となる。

0.01BTCを保有すれば、世界において13%の上位保有者に入る。法定通貨とビットコイン市場の相対的な富の集中度を比較すると、ビットコインのトップ13%の中にいることは、法定通貨での資産トップでいることと同じ価値を持つ。

Hardwallet Affiliated with This Site

HardwalletPriceSupported CoinsFeaturesOfficial Site
Ledger13,499JPY~Over 5,500 cryptocurrencies
Bluetooth connectivity
high security
multi-coin
NFT support
Portable design
USB-C support
Time-tested durability
Multi-chain support


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